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What are the signs of hypertensive crisis? | What is prehypertension?
What are the signs of hypertensive crisis?
A hypertensive crisis occurs when systolic blood pressure exceeds 180mmHg or diastolic pressure exceeds 120mmHg. This isn't just a high number—it's a signal that organ damage may be underway. Common symptoms include severe headaches, blurred vision, shortness of breath, chest pain, nosebleeds, confusion, and even seizures. According to the Mayo Clinic, immediate emergency care is required if these symptoms appear.
There are two types of hypertensive crisis. The first is hypertensive urgency, where no organ damage has occurred, but medications must be adjusted within hours. The second is hypertensive emergency, which involves organ damage and requires immediate IV medication and hospitalization. This condition may result in complications such as stroke, heart failure, kidney failure, or aortic dissection, making quick differentiation and action essential.
The danger lies in the fact that hypertensive crises often occur without warning. Individuals who neglect blood pressure management or ignore a diagnosis due to lack of symptoms are especially vulnerable. Getting your blood pressure checked at least once a year could be the key to preventing this life-threatening condition.
What is prehypertension?
Prehypertension refers to blood pressure in the range of 120–139mmHg systolic or 80–89mmHg diastolic. It’s an early warning stage that increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. While not officially classified as hypertension, studies show a high likelihood of progression to full hypertension within 1–2 years if left unaddressed. The FDA describes this stage as a precursor to the "silent killer."
Most people with prehypertension experience no symptoms, making it easy to overlook. Yet this stage is often the final opportunity to normalize blood pressure without medication. Lifestyle changes such as regular exercise, low-sodium diets, weight loss, and stress reduction can be highly effective.
People with family history, diabetes, high cholesterol, or smoking habits should be especially proactive at the prehypertension stage. Even in the absence of symptoms, it’s a critical moment to change course before real damage begins. The most powerful strategy is regular self-monitoring with a home blood pressure monitor.
When to see doctor for BP?
Many people ask, “My blood pressure is a little high—do I really need to see a doctor?” The most accurate answer is: if elevated readings are repeated or accompanied by symptoms, medical evaluation is a must. According to the CDC, you should seek diagnosis if systolic pressure is 140 or more, or diastolic is 90 or more on two or more occasions.
Don’t just rely on numbers—if you’re experiencing dizziness, fatigue, headaches, insomnia, or palpitations, consult a physician. Hypertension is known as a silent disease because it damages organs like the kidneys or heart even without noticeable signs. This is especially true for people with preexisting conditions like diabetes.
If your self-monitoring results vary widely or swing unpredictably, that’s a red flag too. Repeated readings above 140/90 mean you shouldn’t wait. Early diagnosis helps assess causes, risks, and treatment options before serious complications develop.
What causes fluctuations in blood pressure?
Blood pressure naturally varies throughout the day. However, dramatic swings—high in the morning, low in the evening, or sudden spikes during stress—warrant concern. The American Heart Association recently warned that wide fluctuations may increase the risk of sudden cardiac death.
Triggers include stress, caffeine, sleep deprivation, medication side effects, dehydration, and hormonal changes. Incorrect measurement methods can also skew results. For accurate readings, rest for at least five minutes before measuring and avoid talking or moving during the process.
Fluctuating blood pressure isn't just a minor issue—it places extra strain on your cardiovascular system and can lead to stroke or heart failure. In some cases, people may have labile hypertension, where blood pressure spikes only during specific stressors. Keeping detailed records and consulting a doctor is essential for proper diagnosis and management.
A gift of multisensory therapy
In managing high blood pressure, therapies that calm the body and mind are just as important as medication. Aromatherapy can deliver immediate stabilization effects. For instance, mix 4 drops of lavender, 2 drops of bergamot, and 10ml of carrier oil. Apply to your neck or wrists, or use in a diffuser. This combination helps lower cortisol levels and induces a calming response. It's particularly effective before bedtime, stabilizing heart rate and pressure.
Music therapy is another powerful tool for regulating the autonomic nervous system. Here are three recommended tracks: 1. Weightless – Marconi Union 2. Claire de Lune – Debussy 3. Ambient 1: Music for Airports – Brian Eno Listening to these for just 10 minutes a day, combined with deep breathing, can noticeably reduce your blood pressure.
Multisensory therapy using both scent and sound is an easy, accessible method with high impact—especially in the prehypertension stage. If practiced alongside medication or lifestyle changes, it offers a true opportunity for both prevention and healing.
Healing Quotes
“Healing is a matter of time, but it is sometimes also a matter of opportunity.” — Hippocrates This quote reminds us that health is not just about enduring illness but recognizing the moment to act. With a silent condition like hypertension, timing can be everything.
A woman once came to me after suffering from headaches and insomnia for months, attributing them to stress. A routine checkup revealed her blood pressure was 180/110—a hypertensive crisis. She was rushed to the ER and began immediate treatment. Fortunately, no organ damage occurred. She now takes her medication regularly and practices yoga and aromatherapy to maintain stable health.
She once told me, “The day I decided to go to the hospital was the day I saved my life.” Perhaps for you, reading this is that opportunity. Check your blood pressure today.
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